2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Neuronal Signaling
  4. Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Amino acid decarboxylases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the removal of the carboxyl group from specific amino acids to produce biologically active amines. These enzymes are widely involved in various physiological processes, particularly in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and polyamines. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), histidine decarboxylase (HDC), and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) all belong to the amino acid decarboxylase family, each playing an important role in different metabolic pathways to regulate cellular functions.
AADC is primarily responsible for converting aromatic amino acid precursors l-DOPA and 5-hydroxytryptophan into the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. These neurotransmitters are crucial for the normal functioning of the brain, and AADC deficiency leads to severe neurological disorders, including motor dysfunction, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and behavioral abnormalities.
HDC catalyzes the conversion of histidine to histamine. Histamine is an important mediator in allergic and inflammatory reactions, and a deficiency in HDC is closely related to immune dysfunction and allergic symptoms. For example, in some chronic inflammation and allergic reactions, the upregulation of HDC plays a crucial role in regulating histamine levels and immune cell function.
SAMDC is a key enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, responsible for converting S-adenosylmethionine into decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine, a precursor for the synthesis of spermidine and spermine. These polyamines play vital roles in cell growth, differentiation, and proliferation. The activity of SAMDC is closely related to the cellular concentration of polyamines, and SAMDC inhibitors are widely studied for anticancer and antiparasitic treatments.
Inhibitors targeting amino acid decarboxylases have potential applications in cancer and parasitic disease research. For example, since the polyamine biosynthetic pathway is upregulated in many tumors, SAMDC inhibitors can be used in cancer research, and SAMDC inhibitors are also important tools in antiparasitic research[1][2][3][4].

Amino Acid Decarboxylase Related Products (16):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W016814
    (Z)-Aconitic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.28%
    (Z)-Aconitic acid is an orally active glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor. (Z)-Aconitic acid reduces IκB-α phosphorylation. (Z)-Aconitic acid inhibits Antigen-induced arthritis and Monosodium urate (HY-B2130A)-induced gout.
    (Z)-Aconitic acid
  • HY-W023493
    DL-Allylglycine
    		98.0%
    DL-Allylglycine (2-Aminopent-4-enoic acid) is a glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor. DL-Allylglycine significantly increases mouse brain ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and decreases S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAM-DC) activity. DL-Allylglycine causes a marked decrease in brain GABA concentration. DL-Allylglycine has convulsant activity that can be used in studies to induce epileptic seizures.
    DL-Allylglycine
  • HY-W012906
    L-Allylglycine
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    L-Allylglycine (L-2-Allylglycine) is an amino acid derivative. L-Allylglycine is an inhibitor for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) that reduces the GABA biosynthesis in the brain. L-Allylglycine exhibits convulsant activity.
    L-Allylglycine
  • HY-W016349
    Chelidamic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Chelidamic acid is a heterocyclic organic acid with a pyran skeleton. Chelidamic acid has good coordination ability with noble metal ions. Chelidamic acid is also one of the most potent inhibitors of glutamate decarboxylase, with a Ki of 33 μM.
    Chelidamic acid
  • HY-W015595
    L-Allylglycine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    L-Allylglycine (L-2-Allylglycine) hydrochloride is an amino acid derivative. L-Allylglycine hydrochloride is an inhibitor for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) that reduces the GABA biosynthesis in the brain. L-Allylglycine hydrochloride exhibits convulsant activity.
    L-Allylglycine hydrochloride
  • HY-E70939
    L-Phenylalanine decarboxylase, Streptococcus faecalis
    L-Phenylalanine decarboxylase, Streptococcus faecalis (EC 4.1.1.53) belongs to the lyase family and is capable of cleaving carbon-carbon bonds. L-Phenylalanine decarboxylase, Streptococcus faecalis is involved in the metabolism of phenylalanine. This enzyme has one substrate, L-phenylalanine, and two products: phenylethylamine and CO2.
    L-Phenylalanine decarboxylase, Streptococcus faecalis
  • HY-115822
    α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.1%
    α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride is an orally active histidine decarboxylase inhibitor. α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride depletes histamine in enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, reduces the number and volume density of secretory vesicles in ECL cells, and does not affect histamine storage in mast cells. α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride abolishes Omeprazole (HY-B0113)-induced vacuolization of ECL cells and decreases gastrin-induced histamine efflux from ECL cells. α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride does not alter the granular characteristics of ECL cells, omeprazole-induced hypertrophy of ECL cells, gastrin-induced pancreastatin-like immunoreactivity efflux, nor does it affect gastric acid secretion induced by histamine or vagal stimulation. α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride inhibits basal and gastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion, reduces acid output induced by gastrin+IBMX (HY-12318), but does not directly affect acid generation in isolated parietal cells.
    α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride
  • HY-112619
    TES-991
    		99.65%
    TES-991 is a potent and selective human α Amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde Decarboxylase (ACMSD) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3 nM.
    TES-991
  • HY-103391
    Qc1
    		Inhibitor 98.20%
    Qc1 is a reversible and noncompetitive threonine dehydrogenase (TDH) inhibitor. Qc1 can be used for the research of Metabolic disease.
    Qc1
  • HY-P5396A
    GAD65 (524-543) acetate
    		98.08%
    GAD65 (524-543) acetate is a biological active peptide with amino acids 524 to 543 fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). GAD65 (524-543) acetate is one of the first fragments of the islet antigen to induce proliferative T cell responses in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes. GAD65 (524-543) acetate is a specific, possibly low affinity, stimulus for the spontaneously arising diabetogenic T cell clone BDC2.5. Immunization with GAD65 (524-543) acetate increases the susceptibility of the NOD mice to type 1 diabetes induced by the adoptive transfer of BDC2.5 T cells.
    GAD65 (524-543) acetate
  • HY-W1015419
    α-FMH
    		Inhibitor
    α-FMH (α-Fluoromethylhistidine) is an orally active histidine decarboxylase inhibitor. α-FMH depletes histamine in enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, reduces the number and volume density of secretory vesicles in ECL cells, and does not affect histamine storage in mast cells. α-FMH abolishes Omeprazole (HY-B0113)-induced vacuolization of ECL cells and decreases gastrin-induced histamine efflux from ECL cells. α-FMH does not alter the granular characteristics of ECL cells, omeprazole-induced hypertrophy of ECL cells, gastrin-induced pancreastatin-like immunoreactivity efflux, nor does it affect gastric acid secretion induced by histamine or vagal stimulation. α-FMH inhibits basal and gastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion, reduces acid output induced by gastrin+IBMX (HY-12318), but does not directly affect acid generation in isolated parietal cells.
    α-FMH
  • HY-123139
    Flutroline
    Flutroline (CP-36584), a tetrahydro-7-carboline compound, is an orally active and potent anti-psychotic compound.
    Flutroline
  • HY-U00065
    Tritoqualine
    		Inhibitor
    Tritoqualine is a histidine decarboxylase inhibitor, that inhibits the release of histidine.
    Tritoqualine
  • HY-P5396
    GAD65 (524-543)
    GAD65 (524-543) is a biological active peptide with amino acids 524 to 543 fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). GAD65 (524-543) is one of the first fragments of islet antigen to induce proliferative T cell responses in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes. GAD65 (524-543) is a specific, possibly low affinity, stimulus for the spontaneously arising diabetogenic T cell clone BDC2.5. Immunization with GAD65 (524-543) increases the susceptibility of the NOD mice to type 1 diabetes induced by the adoptive transfer of BDC2.5 T cells.
    GAD65 (524-543)
  • HY-103391R
    Qc1 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Qc1 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Qc1 (HY-103391). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Qc1 is a reversible and noncompetitive threonine dehydrogenase (TDH) inhibitor. Qc1 can be used for the research of Metabolic disease.
    Qc1 (Standard)
  • HY-P990419
    Anti-GAD65 Antibody
    Anti-GAD65 Antibody is a humanized antibody expressed in CHO cells that targets GAD65. The Anti-GAD65 Antibody has a huIgG1 heavy chain and a huλ light chain, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 146.48 kDa. The isotype control for Anti-GAD65 Antibody can refer to Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).
    Anti-GAD65 Antibody